Suomenlinna Fortress
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In the beginning of 18th century, Sweden lost the Great Northern War, and Russian power over western Baltic was strengthen. When Peter the Great started creation of Saint Petersburg, Swedes decided to built sea fortress in Helsinki, as a defense in next, highly possible wars.
The construction, under the name Sveaborg, started in 1748, on te seven islands south from the city. The architect, Augustin Ehrensvärd, adopted the French rules of modern fortifications to the geographical conditions of a place. As a result rised the unique sea fortress, which was inscribed in 1991 on a UNESCO heritage list.
About hundred years after rising, the fortress surrender to Russian army, and Finland came under the reign of Russian Tsar. Suomenlinna was then better equipped, and managed, with some minor extension and renovation. It served as a fortress till Finnish Civil War, then was changed into the prison. In 1919 it gain a new name, meaning „Castle of Finland”.
Today is a living district of Helsinki, with about 900 permanent inhabitants. Several museums, together with cafés and restaurants attract not only visitors, but also citizens, who like to picnic there.
